Final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Last paper - Essay Example hites, subsequently the introduction of the notable statement from one of his conspicuous addresses: â€Å"I have a fantasy that my four youngsters will one day live in a country where they won't be decided by the shade of their skin however by the substance of their character.† The connection among religion and prejudice has been a progressing research for quite a while among the world’s top strict researchers. When all is said in done, my examination portrays that there is a positive connection between these two repudiating themes. The results of my examination set forward that both the consistency of chapel turnout and conviction striking nature is not, at this point significantly associated with bigotry. (b). Straightforwardness from the outset thoroughly considered went not to be identified with bigotry. Anyway after some profound consultations, where significant foundation factors, for example, age and instruction were considered in, it proposed something else. World religions will in general announce overall loving affection yet history is ambushed with minutes in which religion has given a valid justification to a wide range of anarchy coordinated towards individuals of unique race or culture. A genuine case of this is the holocaust. From this confirmations, a noteworthy number of students of history and religious philosophy researchers contend that religion ought to adamantly be estimated as a channel for prejudice. At the point when one attempts to make an outline of these incessant endeavors, an extremely lopsided investigation is acquired. There could be two principle clarifications for this. One is that there is no trade off on the best way to evaluate religion so as to accomplish noteworthy results. Another is that there exists two principle rules in which one can search for an explanation of the watched connection: one can choose to utilize strict factors or go to non-strict variables .The course where you decide to search for an explanation will influence the ends that are drawn up. I will begin by giving a short diagram of material writing. This permits me to offensively separate the results of two unique examinations that I

Deception in the Stem-cell Research Debate :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Presentation Each year, an incredible number of new workers show up into the nation from everywhere throughout the world. A portion of these settlers enter the nation legitimately while the others attempt to get in wrongfully. Then again, there are the individuals who endeavor to move into the nation illicitly through different mischievous methods. At the outskirts, they are caught and persuasively made to come back to their nation. In spite of the difficulties that the administration faces with respect to the settler issue, there are situations when specialists are committed to acknowledge immigrants.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Rights of Immigrants and Immigration Policy explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The rising number of foreigners every year has become a genuine discussion issue. A few gatherings bolster arrangements that secure the privileges of foreigners while others are firmly contradicted to the laws that support outsider pa ssageway into the nation. As indicated by Sir Michael Dummet, the state has a few obligations towards outsiders. In any case, the state needs to perceive that its essential job is the government assistance of its own residents just as security of the other people who are out of luck. Consequently the idea that a state’s sole duty is just to guarantee and care about its citizens’ prosperity is defective and confused. Dummet bolsters his notion. He asserts all the residents have an individual a specific good commitment to their nation also. The entire populace is spoken to by their state on the planet. Subsequently, it follows that some nation is likewise ethically obliged to think about the government assistance of different states and that of others (Huemer, 2010). This paper will investigate the commitments that the country has towards the acknowledgment of foreigners. Moreover, the paper will talk about what an ethically advocated migration arrangement incorporates. The paper will maintain the situation to help for the privilege of migration. Proclamation of politicians’ position The resistance coordinated towards migrants and their privileges comes from the feeling of narrow-mindedness among the residents and government officials of the host nation. Both the voters and the legislators the same advance the possibility that a country is just answerable for its residents with no respect for settlers rolling in from outside nations. Subsequently, the legislators will ordinarily put together their contentions with respect to their opinion of serving the interests of their nation best. For example, British lawmakers associated with the European Union considerations consistently ground their choices to help or veto movements on whether it is in light of a legitimate concern for Britain or not. This is in opposition to the desire that they ought to consider the interests of the European Union to settle on their choice whether to help the moveme nt or impugn it. Lawmakers take this situation as to one significant explanation, which is remote residents are of almost no incentive to their political desire. Since the outside residents hold no democratic force in the nation they move into, the government officials esteem them immaterial for their crusades (Dummett, 2001).Advertising Looking for article on established law? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Critique of politicians’ position and my position The idea of ‘sovereignty’ advances this situation. This idea bolsters national freedom and non-obstruction by other remote countries, particularly on issues of how it manages its residents. Furthermore, another contention sent contrary to settler rights and approaches is that every nation has an individual option to control the exercises on its outskirts. Subsequently, the administration can bar or concede outsiders who wish to go through the countryà ¢â‚¬â„¢s fringes. In any case, the individuals who bolster free migration, assume that nations ought not force any limitations on movement. A correlation is drawn between free migration and the free market idea. This recommendation was unequivocally bolstered by Milton Fried Mans just as Ernest Bevin, who imagined the absolute cancelation of international IDs. They contended that free migration ought to have been permitted to guarantee that essential human right which is the appropriate for opportunity †especially opportunity of development would be appreciated by all people. Along these lines, in the soul of advancing human rights, no nation would reserve the privilege to deny any individual section into a nation of his/her decision. Pope John XXIII additionally bolstered free migration arrangements that prohibited no person from going into any nation. As indicated by Pope John XXIII, all people are individuals from a general family and a more noteworthy world society. This pr esence, as per the Pope, is inalienable and can't be reduced by any nation. Furthermore, Pope John XXIII supported the way that settlers had the right to have their privileges perceived and regarded. They ought to appreciate monetary rights and individual rights to guarantee that they can easily adjust to another general public. Besides, it permits them to acquire a methods for self food. There are a few reasons concerning why the approvals and limitations are forced on workers. Be that as it may, these don't do the trick as a reason in denying those individuals their right. In any case, some accept that limiting the quantity of outsiders going into the nation would ensure the national legacy and culture. Moreover, it is guaranteed that tolerant outsiders will build the monetary hardships he state faces as this would force oblige on the rare assets of the nation. It is, thusly, contended that these limitations are in light of a legitimate concern for the country’s local resid ents (Dummett, 2001). From my point of view, the privileges of outsiders ought to be maintained and ensured. There are a few reasons with respect to why migration limitation is definitely not a great alternative. In the first place, confining workers from entering a nation is an immediate infringement of their natural rights. The most widely recognized purpose behind founding these guidelines is to secure and guarantee the security of the local citizens.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Rights of Immigrants and Immigration Policy explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In many cases, psychological warfare has been refered to as the principle security worry that requires settler guideline. Be that as it may, fear based oppressor exercises are executed even by the residents of the nation. Moreover, not all moves are happy to enter the nation to submit a fear monger act. In this way, this can't be utilized as a reason for such confinements. The other exp lanation that has been generally refered to is the impact of movement on business. Most local residents feel that the higher the quantity of migrants in a nation the higher the opposition on the current occupations. This at last prompts an abatement in the personal satisfaction of the local residents. Since the migrants are ordinarily urgent for securing positions they will in general acknowledge low pay rates. Representatives incline toward such specialists as the business would bring about less operational expenses. Anyway this comes to the detriment of the local residents losing their positions. Be that as it may, this isn't a worthy explanation since it is the obligation of the administration to control and express the base compensation inside its domain. Moreover, the employments are intended to be obtained dependent on merit and the individual’s capability. An ethically adequate movement arrangement is the one that meets both the interests of the residents of the nation and those of the foreigners. Such a strategy is hard to be created and executed as there are different difficulties. The circumstance with respect to the issue might be contrasted with a constrained limit raft (Hardin 2001) since a nation can't take in all the outsiders. References Dummett, M. A. E. (2001). On Immigration and Refugees. New York: Routledge. Hardin, G. (2001). Living on a Lifeboat. The Social Contract. 36-47. Recovered from http://www.garretthardinsociety.org/articles_pdf/living_on_a_lifeboat.pdf Huemer M (2010). Is there a Right to Immigrate? Social Theory and Practice. 36(3), 429-461. DOI: 10.5840/soctheorpract201036323.Advertising Searching for exposition on sacred law? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More This paper on Rights of Immigrants and Immigration Policy was composed and put together by client Kingston I. to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

Tips for Overrepresented Underrepresented Med School Applicants

Your med school strategy is to make it successfully from one step to the next, up to the point where youre invited for the interview and then accepted. Minorities have the same goal as everyone else, but because of their (sometimes unique) circumstances, they may have a slightly different focus. During the pre-interview writing stages of your application, what you need to do is come up with the most compelling story that you can. You need to get the adcom’s attention. You need to let them know that even though you’re from a minority origin/background, you have what it takes to plough your way through med school! Underrepresented in Medicine If you are from a group that is underrepresented in medicine and you struggled to make the decision to go into medicine, then you should definitely highlight those difficulties. The adcom wants to know the path you took to get to where you are.   Once you get to your secondaries and go through your activities, youll show more about how you put your thoughts into action, your life’s path to medicine. Overrepresented Groups If you are coming from an overrepresented group, you will need to do a better job mining your experiences and coming up with the ones that confirm your unique desire to go to medical school. The best thing you can do is start your writing and your strategizing by looking at all the different stories that you can potentially tell and then plucking out that you think are the most persuasive and the most impactful.   One other possible avenue for overrepresented groups is to apply to osteopathic medicine programs – you might have a better chance at something like that. They are a bit less competitive, and you might be able to tell your story in a way that emphasizes your life experience. Final word: You are so much more than your numbers. Make sure the adcom see these other parts of who you are! The advice in this post is based on a conversation we had in our recent webinar, Ask The Experts: Medical School Admissions QA with Cydney Foote and Alicia McNease Nimonkar. Check out the full transcript for more tips on applying to med school successfully! Accepted.com ~ Helping You Write Your Best Related Resources: †¢Ã‚  5 Fatal Flaws to Avoid in Your Med School Essays †¢Ã‚  Writing About Overcoming Obstacles in Your Application Essays †¢ Approaching the Diversity Essay Question

Poem Analysis The Unknown Citizen Essay - 977 Words

The Average Man W. H. Auden satirizes the United States as an entity, which restrains individual advancement. Through depersonalization, the government rewards those who actually never do anything. However, the Unknown Citizen has a monument built as a symbol of his perfection. Thus, Audens The Unknown Citizen shows how the government makes each individual merely a number unless they do not conform to societys norms. The monument of the unknown citizen is erected not to honor the memory of a man, but to show how he is the perfect example of a good citizen (Auden). In this poem, the citizen is just an average person who never stands out among the rest of the population. For example, Yet he wasnt a scab or odd in his†¦show more content†¦Auden ends the statement with a comma rather than an exclamation to illustrate the inconsequential nature of the citizen working in a factory. Factory work is monotonous, one shift after another not evoking any emotion. Indeed, the citizen lives a boring life, doing the exact same thing as the average person. He cannot stand out, for the only way to do so is for the citizen to be different, not fulfilling societys demands. Throughout the poem, the citizens actions do not amount to anything but further conformity. For example, Auden states that And all the reports on his conduct agree that, in the modern sense of an old-fashioned word, he was a saint (3-4) which illustrates how all his actions were normal according to the governments standards. The government considered his actions so good that they call him a saint. Therefore, Auden uses this tone to prove that living the life of the statistical, average citizen would be boring. Courage defines a hero. The citizen Auden describes is a hero to the government because he never causes any problems. They even dedicate a statue to him, but he never acts courageously. He follows the crowd and never stands up for himself. A true hero leads as Abraham Lincoln did when he held the nation together during his Presidency. However, Auden proves that the citizen follows the crowd with the line, When there was peace, he was for peace: when thereShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem The Unknown Citizen 1518 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Unknown Citizen† by W.H Auden and â€Å"next to of course god america i† by e.e. cumming are two poems that deal with similar issues. They both address the issue of dying soldiers and blame blind patriotism for the deaths of these soldiers. The theme of both poems deals with the need for citizens to become more outspoken and follow their own beliefs instead of simply following their country. However, each poem addresses a topic that isn’t found in the other poem, and the poems themselves are structurallyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Unknown Citizen And The Short Story The Lottery 1230 Words   |  5 PagesUnexpected Truth The Poem Unknown Citizen and the short story The Lottery give examples how people can rebel and conform in different ways. The way these stories were written evokes a lot of emotions, from anger to confusion. In life there are two people in the world, ones who conform to every whim and those who will rebel to create a difference in their society or others. The Unknown Citizen, by W. H. Auden, is about a man who obeys the law and does what needs to done by a normal citizen. The author paintedRead MoreThe Unknown Citizen by W.H. Auden Essay970 Words   |  4 PagesThe Unknown Citizen by W.H. Auden The poem that I am going to talk about is the Unknown Citizen by W.H Auden. I am going to talk about what I first glimpse in the poem but then after further study what you actually see. At the start of the poem under the title it hasRead MoreThe Unknown Citizen By. Auden1527 Words   |  7 PagesThe Unknown Citizen Analysis The Unknown Citizen, written by W.H. Auden, is a satirical poem declaring the petty accomplishments achieved by an unnamed citizen in a presumably American or industrialized society. Through several readings of the poem, many would not even consider the Unknown Citizen as a poem, but rather, a letter of recommendation or a speech for a political election. The only obvious characteristic of this piece resembling a poem is the rhyming scheme. Other than rhyming, thereRead More Analysis of The Unknown Citizen by W.H. Auden Essay examples1464 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of The Unknown Citizen by W.H. Auden â€Å"The Unknown Citizen†, written by W.H. Auden during 1940, is a poem where the speaker, a representative of the state or government, directs a speech to the audience about a monument being erected for a citizen. Written in free verse, although using many couplets, this poem is a poem that describes the life of a certain person through his records and documents. This citizen is portrayed as a normal and average human being who is being honouredRead MoreThe Unknown Citizen by W.H.Auden1320 Words   |  5 PagesThe poem â€Å"The Unknown Citizen† by W.H. Auden is a poem with a strong message to a wide audience. It portrays a political system’s control over its citizen. The poem is telling us we are a product of our countries, we are nothing but a number of digits to be identified. The poem revolves around the life of the unknown citizen, JS/07/M/378, who was granted a monument by the government in honor of his flawless life in an un-free society. He is by all means the perfect citizen, the citizen who has devotedRead MoreWho Are We to Judge? Essay example578 Words   |  3 Pagesand Wystan Audens, The Unknown Citizen try to do this. Who is to say that their analysis of the two characters is correct? The two poems are based only on what is observed, not what is known. Richard Cory is structured in a very consistent, easy to read manner, but is as harsh and radical as the form is classical and neat. The poem is an extended description of a man, a very rich, successful man, named Richard Cory. The narrator of the poem spends a good part of the poem, the first three stanzasRead MoreAnalysis Of Auden s The Unknown Citizen, And Funeral Blues All By Auden2119 Words   |  9 Pagesduring this period was strong, influenced mostly by his experiences in the Spanish Civil War, but his social views were always more complex labels that were given to him. Three works of Auden that can be analysed are â€Å"September 1, 1939†, â€Å"The Unknown Citizen†, and â€Å"Funeral Blues† all by Auden all share ideas of totalitarianism and death even though they all have varying structures. Auden was born in York, England on February 21, 1907. He was raised in a very industrial area in Northern EnglandRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Richard Cory820 Words   |  4 PagesThe poem â€Å"Richard Cory† is Robinson’s famous poem about a man named Richard Cory who was outwardly wealthy and admirable to many. The poem adopts an overly narrative style. Through this style, the poet is able to detail of the life and timesof Robinson Cory as a loner of the upper social class in America. It is a tale of internal conflict and dissatisfaction experienced by a man who everybody admired. The personadescribes him using finest terms such as ‘gentleman’ to denote of how people of the lowerRead MoreThe World Is Too Much With Us And The Unknown Citizen2049 Words   |  9 PagesWorld Is Too Much With Us / The Unknown Citizen† This is a critical analysis of two poems – The world is too much with us by William Wordsworth, and The Unknown Citizen by W.H. Auden focusing on how the two poems highlight the mundane drudgery of life. It is a drudgery, and one that people do not even recognize because they are consumed in leading materialistic ways of life, conforming to the state and the society or both. The text proceeds from analyzing each poem individually, and later draws parallels

Article Bibliography On Global Warming - 1385 Words

This paper will be concerned with an article pertaining to the topic of global warming. The article, written by R. Cowen, appeared in a November 2006 issue of Science News. The article discusses a recent idea for using technology in order to solve the problem of global warming. Like other technological solutions, this one seeks to reduce global warming without at the same time undermining the existing economic system. In addition, like other proposed solutions, this one is based on the assumption that the global economy requires the continued development of industry, with all the polluting emissions that are caused as a result. This paper will first define some relevant terms, followed by a summary of the content of Cowen’s article. The paper will conclude with my personal reaction to the article, along with my opinion on what I think needs to be done to alleviate the problem of global warming. Some key terms need to be defined in order to clearly understand what Cowen’s article says, as well as what it implies. First, â€Å"global warming† refers to the phenomenon that occurs when certain gases in the earth’s atmosphere (known as â€Å"greenhouse gases†) make it impossible for sunlight to be reflected off the earth and back into space. These gases are created by emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants. Most scientists agree that global warming is having a negative impact on the environment. It causes climate changes, the melting of polar ice caps, and a rise inShow MoreRelatedClimate Change : Should We Be Worried? Essay777 Words   |  4 PagesClimate Change: Should We Be Worried? Global warming is one of the most stressed issues on mainstream media today, behind the war on terror. Although, should we be worried about it? In this annotated bibliography, the sources consider plenty of information about climate, such as, how it affects the earth, possible solutions to the energy problem, and proof that global warming is happening and that it is caused by an excess of CO2 in the atmosphere. For solutions to the problem the sources contemplateRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography on Global Warming1303 Words   |  6 PagesGiacomo Real ENG 1302 Comp. amp; Rhet. II Professor Kamm Monday amp; Wednesday 7PM – 8:15PM Annotated Bibliography amp; Essay Annotated Bibliography on Global Warming: Fact or Fiction Fumento, Michael. â€Å"The Cooling Off on Global Warming.† The Washington Times 8 July 1999: 15. LexisNexis Academic . Academic Universe. W. I. Dykes Lib., University of Houston-Downtown. 20 Feb. 2010 http://www.lexisnexis.com.ezproxy.uhd.edu/hottopics/lnacademic/ Fumento explains that a nonprofit groupRead MoreClimate Change Essays1637 Words   |  7 Pagesclimatologists, the notion of Global warming today is commonly heard but very misunderstood. One might ask, what exactly is global warming and should we care? According to What is Global Warming? in LiveScience, global warming is a gradual increase in the temperature of Earths surface and atmosphere, that has become a world-wide environmental issue.1(Lallanilla,2013) Similarly, this topic is one of great controversy because of widely differing opinions on current global warming rates and the impact byRead MoreGlobal Warming s Terrifying New Math1151 Words   |  5 PagesThesis Development: In the article â€Å"Global Warming’s Terrifying New Math†, Bill McKibben opens by saying that back in 2012, according to the statistics, Canada surpassed the global record high for climate temperature, destroying other previous records. Despite the research and the displaying of data, no one is doing anything to address the issue. McKibben takes three distinctive numbers that shed light on this issue 2 degrees Celsius, 565 gigatons, and 2795 gigatons, to validate and support hisRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effect On The Environment1311 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Global warming refers to an incremental in earth’s temperature. Some believes this is occurring naturally but the prevailing view attributes climate change to the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect refers to the warming resulting from certain gases such as carbon dioxide in Earth s atmosphere trapping heat. These gases traps heat but let light in, similarly to the glass walls of a greenhouse. The general belief is that mankind are chiefly responsible for global warming becauseRead MoreGlobal Warming Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal warming is the rising of average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere due to greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are gases that trap heat in the atmosphere. The greenhouse effect consists of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor insulating the Earth’s surface and helping it maintain warm temperatures. However since there is so much carbon dioxide filling the air the Earth atmosphere absorbs almost all of the suns emission. When the sun heats the earth the atmosphereRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1022 Words   |  5 Pagesrelated change in oceans, land surfaces and ice sheets, happening over time scales of decades or longer. It’s the world’s greatest threat. Climate change is the change in temperature over a period of time. It involves the greenhouse effect and global warming. Where is it? It is an issue affecting everyone everywhere. Climate change exists within the Earth’s atmosphere, where temperatures are slowly rising. The Top Ten countries affected the most by Climate Change are generally countries with aRead MoreGlobal Warming Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesNovember 2014 Global Warming Essay The idea of global became prevalent when the world began industrializing. As the popularity of cars grew and industrial factories began to spring up the air quality suffered. The problem was not recognized because, aside from a few orange skies, there were no obvious effects. Although in this day and age we can see what global warming is doing to our Earth, there are still those people who believe that humans are too small to make an impact. Global warming is tooRead MoreAn Inconvenient Truth Research Paper1374 Words   |  6 Pagesyears to come. This film explores the problem of global warming and what we have to do now in order to slow down or reverse the dangerous effects of climate change. The main theme of this film, is the issue of climate change. He starts out by showing how global warming is caused, how the earth is heated and the atmosphere holds in the heat, but with greenhouse gases, the heat is held in. The greenhouse gas that is responsible for global warming is carbon dioxide, or CO2. A graph was shown thatRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1371 Words   |  6 Pagesthe world is facing today. The purpose of this essay is to discuss the processes that lead to climate change and strategies that can be used to address this issue. In order to comprehend how human activities contribute towards climate change and global warming, we have to truly understand the science behind this phenomenon. First of all we need to clarify what anthropogenic climate change means. This refers to the change in the amount of greenhouse gases and aerosols in the atmosphere as a result

Concepts of Music Notes free essay sample

Melodic line and line are often used in a general sense, while specific melodic entities are called melody, theme, or subject, depending upon the point of reference. †¢ In an abstract sense, melody is the repository of subject matter or idea in many world music traditions. Melody is very important as idea in Western music. The Western view of melody is that it means something it is what the music is about. The melodic material of a given piece of music is what the overall piece is based upon and it is this basic idea to which all other elements in a composition relate. HARMONY †¢ Harmony is the use and study of pitch simultaneity and chords, actual or implied, in music. It is sometimes referred to as the vertical aspect of music, with melody being the horizontal aspect. Very often, harmony is a result of counterpoint or polyphony, several melodic lines or motifs being played at once, though harmony may control the counterpoint. Harmony is said to give the effect of depth to a melodic line and forms the accompaniment material to melody in a homophonic texture. †¢ One property of harmony is vertical profile which adds sonic depth to music. The effect of three or more different tones sounding at the same moment in time creates the sense of greater mass and intensity of sound as compared to the effect of the sound of a single note. Chords are constructed from low to high tones. The lowest tone of a chord is known as the root and all other chord tones are built higher in pitch from this tone. Harmony occupies the sonic space below melody. Another property of harmony is harmonic saturation. Minor harmonic saturation occurs when a few chords occur in a passage of music while major harmonic saturation occurs when many chords occur in a musical passage. Low harmonic saturation creates a serene and calm emotional mood while high harmonic saturation creates a sense of great intensity and expectation. †¢ Harmony contributes to the structural design of music. The arrangement of melodic material lends itself to hierarchical design more noticeably than does harmony. This is because repetition of patterned material is more obvious in melody than it is in harmony. †¢ Harmony supports the structural design of musical components by helping to define climatic and cadential points in each phrase. Harmony contributes directly to the structure of strophic songs (songs that repeat melodic material for each stanza of new text) RHYTHM †¢ Rhythm is sonic action in time. More specifically, rhythm is the arrangement of durational sonic patterns or tone lengths that fall on or between the beat. †¢ Rhythm is shaped by meter. Composers arrange rhythms so that count one of the meter gives the point of reference of the rhythm. †¢ Rh ythm is generated by divisions of the beat. When music has a steady beat, the rhythmic patterns that comprise the music are generated by sounding tones on the beat, and between the beat. This is accomplished by dividing each beat into groups of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and sometimes more, divisions. These divisions are called duplets, triplets, quadruplets, quintuplets, sextuplets, septuplets, and octuplet divisions, respectively. †¢ Rhythmic patterns are often repeated. Rhythmic patterns most often undergo a process of repetition in music. †¢ Rhythm is articulated by implied dynamic and agogic accents. An agogic accent is a stress of length, whereby a certain note is played longer than other notes within the rhythmic pattern. †¢ Rhythm contributes to the effect of motion in music. Rhythm and rhythmic patterns are a direct contributor to the effect of movement (motion) in music. The repetition of a rhythmic pattern creates a sense of forward motion by the appearance of successive sounds in a continuum of real time. TONALITY/TIMBRE †¢ The harmonic profile or sound quality of a sound source is timbre or tone colour in music. †¢ May also mean to describe the organization of the melodic and harmonic elements to give a feeling of a key centre or a tonic pitch. †¢ Timbre is determined by the harmonic profile of the sound source. Every sound source has an individual quality that is determined by its harmonic profile. Dark or simple timbres coupled with loud dynamics are encountered only occasionally in music and affect moods of starkness and loneliness. The same timbres coupled with soft dynamics affect moods of mystery and terror. †¢ Timbral combinations provide unique possibilities for music. Often composers assign successive segments of melody o r other material to different instruments. Certain orchestral combinations of instruments sound very much like other non-orchestral instruments †¢ Single reed instruments produce a mellow sound quality i. e. clarinets. Flutes produce soft tone qualities. Double reed instruments such as the bassoon and oboe produce a nasal like tone quality. Brass instruments again produce a completely different tone quality to woodwinds. The same will go for other instruments. Electronic instruments will produce a synthesised quality. TEXTURE †¢ In music this is referred to as the layers of sounds within a composition. †¢ There are many informal terms that can describe the texture of a piece of music (thick, thin, bass-heavy, rhythmically complex, and so on), but the formal terms that are used to describe texture all describe the relationships of melodies and harmonies. Monophonic music has only one melodic line, with no harmony or counterpoint. †¢ Homophonic music can also be called homophony. Homophony has one clearly melodic line; its the line that naturally draws your attention. All other parts provide accompaniment or fill in the chords. In most well-written homophony, the parts that are not melody may still have a lot of melodic interest. They may follow many of the rules of well-written counterpoint, and they can sound quite different from the melody and be interesting to listen to by themselves. But when they are sung or played with the melody, it is clear that they are not independent melodic parts, either because they have the same rhythm as the melody (i. e. are not independent) or because their main purpose is to fill in the chords or harmony (i. e. they are not really melodies). †¢ Polyphonic music can also be called polyphony, counterpoint, or contrapuntal music. If more than one independent melody is occurring at the same time, the music is polyphonic. †¢ A heterophonic texture is rare in Western music. In heterophony, there is only one melody, but different variations of it are being sung or played at the same time. TEMPO †¢ Tempo (an Italian word) identifies the rate of speed of the beat of music and is measured by the number of beats per minute. †¢ A beat may be slow or fast. Human perception perceives a range of tempo speed from about 30 to 240 beats per minute. †¢ Tempo is an important ingredient in the mood of any example of music, whether it be aggressive or calming in effect with excitement generally revealed through a fast tempo while solemnity is always revealed through a slow tempo. †¢ In music terminology and notation tempo indications are most often expressed in the Italian language. Terms that are used include, largo: very slow, broad, large lento: slow adagio: slow, comfortable, easy andante: moderately slow, a walking pace moderato: moderate allegro: fast, cheerful, joyful vivace: lively, quick presto: very fast, rapid. †¢ Modifiers of Tempo agitato: agitated (e. g. Allegro agitato) animato: animated (e. g. Allegro animato) appassionato: passionately (e. g . Andante appassionato) assai: very (e. g. Allegro assai) cantabile: singing (e. g. Adagio cantabile) con brio: with spirit (e. g. Allegro con brio) con fuoco: with fire (e. . Allegro con fuoco) con moto: with motion (e. g. Allegro con moto) espressivo: expressively (e. g. Adagio espressivo) grazioso: with grace (e. g. Andante grazioso) ma: but (e. g. Moderato, ma con brio) maestoso: majestically (e. g. Andante maestoso) marcato: marked, stressed (e. g. Andante marcato) molto: very, much (e. g. Molto allegro/Molto adagio) non: not (e. g. Allegro non troppo) non troppo: not too much (e. g. Allegro, ma non troppo) piu: more (e. g. Piu allegro) poco, un poco: little, a little (e. g. Poco adagio or Un poco piu adagio)

Investigating the Power of a Diverging Lens Essay Example

Investigating the Power of a Diverging Lens Essay Aim: To find the power of a given diverging lens by using a pre-selected converging lens. Outline: The power of two lenses placed together in line to an object will allow both of their powers to add together. We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating the Power of a Diverging Lens specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating the Power of a Diverging Lens specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating the Power of a Diverging Lens specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer P1 + P2 = Ptotal Therefore, by using a combination of 2 lenses, one of which the power is known, I can find the focal length of the combination of lenses and then calculate the total power. The power of the converging lens can be subtracted from the total power to find the power of the diverging lens. Variables: Independent: Object distance Dependent: Image distance Control: Object size and shape, power of both lenses, material of both lenses In my pre-tests, I have found that I obtain a reasonable range of results using a converging lens of 10 Dioptres that is larger than the power of the diverging lens therefore giving reasonable results. Method: 1. Set up apparatus as shown in diagram. 2. Adhere the unknown diverging lens to the known, pre-selected converging lens with plasticine ensuring that the plasticine does not interfere with the light i.e. the plasticine does not cover the main central portion of the lenses. 3. Fix the lenses on to the stand with plasticine, making sure that they are perpendicular to the ground therefore the light that falls upon the light will be in line with the normal at the centre of the lenses. 4. Use a piece of card with a triangular hole in it with mesh stuck over the top to be used as the object, one, to block out most of the light to prevent shadows forming, two, it discern whether the image was formed inverted or not, three, the mesh helps me judge when the image is at its clearest. 5. The light, object, lens stand, lens and screen will be arranged in a straight line and kept in a straight line, so that there wont be any undue error caused in the measuring of object and image distances from the centre of the lens, parallel to the metre ruler used to measure the distances. 6. The object distance can then be varied to give difference image distances from which the power of the combined lenses can be calculated. 7. The screen will be held perpendicular to the table to ensure that the measuring is accurate and the image will be formed properly. 8. There will be a range of distances from the lens, which the image will be judged as to being clear and this range will be recorded. 9. Repeat experiment with at least 6 difference object distances 10. Carefully repeat all measurements 11. Use the results to plot a graph to find the power of the combined lenses. Safety: Having considered the safety aspects of the experiment, I am confident that normal safety procedures are adequate and there is no particular danger in this experiment apart from the fact that the light could heat up to rather high temperatures. The electrical equipment should also be handled with more care because of the possible electrical hazard. Uncertainties and Errors Extensive pre-testing proves that the following are likely sources of uncertainty and error. 1. Uncertainties in measurements Length. The metre ruler is accurate to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.001 metres, however, the range over which the image is clear vary around à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.020 metres this value may change as clarity of the image may change with distance. A range can be measured, but those upper and lower boundaries will also be affected by the error in measurement by the ruler therefore if the range is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.020 metres, the range including measurement errors is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.021 metres. 2. Errors in the Experiment Distance between lenses and the thin lens formula. Errors will occur because the light will converge inside the space between the two lenses, therefore the focal distance will be incorrect. If the light converges between the lenses, then the light that hits the second lens will have converged and therefore the focal length will change, as shown in the diagram, Large Gap Small Gap There must always be a space between them, because they are not one lens the only possibility is that if both their curvatures were equal, then their powers would cancel out (the converging lens has a positive power, diverging has same power, but negative) and then the light emitted would be parallel, therefore no image will be formed at any point and the power cannot be calculated. Also, the thin lens formula is only an approximate model to finding the power of thin lenses, this is because the formula applies 100% accurate only to a infinitely thin lens, but because all lenses will have a certain thickness, the formula can only give a good approximation. The thinner the lens, the better the approximation given by the formula. Errors in judgement of which position creates the clearest image is the probably the most significant error in the entire investigation because there may be a range of positions where the image appears to be clear. Therefore a range of values will be taken as the position for the maximum clarity of an image thereby reducing the error that could be involved and also means, graphically, that a best fit line can be drawn within the error bars that fit the hypothesis. Analysis After collecting all the results, I can plot the range of values of each different object distance with their corresponding image distance. To draw this graph and obtain a linear relationship, I can rearrange the thin lens formula to the linear graph form y = mx + c where y and x are variables, m is the gradient of the line and c is the y-intercept. Where and but, because the formula can also be arranged thus, That means that will be both the y-intercept and the x-intercept, therefore giving a graph like this, where both intercepts are equal to the power (Power = reciprocal of focal length, P = f-1) I will also include error analysis, which is shown here with a set of pre-test data using a converging lens of 10 dioptres, TABLE 1 Object Distance (m) Minimum Length for Clarity (m) Maximum Length for Clarity (m) Mean Length for Clarity (m) Subsequent Power of Diverging Lens (D) Error in measurement (m) 0.550 0.660 0.700 0.680 -6.71 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.001 0.500 0.750 0.790 0.770 -6.70 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.001 0.450 0.830 0.870 0.850 -6.60 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.001 0.400 0.930 0.970 0.950 -6.45 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.001 0.350 2.230 2.270 2.250 -6.69 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.001 Then the error in the object, image minimum, image maximum and image mean length will be à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.001 but because the lengths are made into reciprocals, their errors become neither absolute nor percentage, therefore to calculate it, the maximum and minimum values must be used, so there will be 2 more columns where the error is added to the values, TABLE 2 Absolute Minimum Length for Clarity (m) Absolute Maximum Length for Clarity (m) 0.659 0.701 0.749 0.791 0.829 0.871 0.929 0.971 2.229 2.271 If the values themselves are used to calculate the power of the diverging lens mathematically, it would be as such, including Table 1 TABLE 3 Lower Boundary Power (D) Upper Boundary Power (D) Mean Power (D) Error of Mean Power (D) -6.670 -6.750 -6.710 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.040 -6.670 -6.700 -6.685 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.015 -6.570 -6.620 -6.595 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.025 -6.420 -6.460 -6.440 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.020 -6.690 -6.700 -6.695 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.005 Average -6.625 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.021 Therefore the power of the diverging lens is -6.625 dioptres with an error of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.021. The graph can be drawn including these errors, and it makes it possible to draw a graph with a linear relationship where the x and y intercepts are equal within the range of the error of the results to find the correct power of the diverging lens. See graph of pre-test results. From the graph, the intercepts are at 3.3 D, therefore the resultant power of the combined lenses is 3.3 D. The pre-selected lens is 10 D, therefore, 10 + d = 3.3 ? d = 3.3 10 ? d = -6.7 D So, the power of the diverging lens is -6.7 dioptres.